Borsari is an old Italian perfumery house, officially established by barber Lodovico Borsari in 1897 in Parma. It is a perfumery based on a traditional Parma perfume. Their first fragrance is Violetta de Parma, originally created by monks for the Duchess Maria Luigia (Marie Louise), the second wife of Napoleon Bonaparte. She was deeply in love with violet flower (she used its motif in her signature and wrote letters in violet ink) and supported researches by the monks at the Monastery of the Annunciata who obtained the violet essence identical to that of the very flower and its leaves. Lodovic